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Frank ''Neville'' Hosband Robinson (13 April 1925,West Bromwich, Staffordshire, England – 19 October 1996, Colmar, France) was an English physicist.〔Nicholas Kurti,(Neville Robinson ). ''The Independent'', 27 November 1996.〕 Neville Robinson was educated at The Leys School in Cambridge, England and Christ's College, Cambridge, where he read Physics. Robinson initially worked as a civil servant at the Services Electronic Research Laboratory (SERL) in Baldock, Hertfordshire, under the director Robert Sutton. He then moved to the Clarendon Laboratory at Oxford University to undertake a DPhil degree in low temperature physics, as a Nuffield Research Fellow (1950–54). With Jim Daniels and Michael Grace, he produced an example of nuclear orientation for the first time. Then in 1951, in the first nuclear cooling experiment, he produced the lowest temperature ever achieved until then at only ten millionths of a degree above absolute zero. Robinson was an English Electric Research Fellow from 1955–59. He was a Faculty Fellow at Nuffield College, Oxford from 1958 to 1961, immediately followed by becoming a founding Fellow of St Catherine's College, Oxford where he stayed until his retirement in 1992. He was also a Senior Research officer at Oxford University during 1959 to 1992, working at the Clarendon Laboratory. During his career, he visited Bell Telephone Laboratories in New Jersey, USA, three times while on sabbatical leave (during 1954–55, 1965–66, and 1973–74). In 1973, Robinson published the book ''Macroscopic Electromagnetism'', a standard text. His paper ''Microwave shot noise and minimum noise factor'' was awarded the Clerk Maxwell Prize in 1954 by the British Institution of Radio Engineers. Importantly, he invented the Robinson oscillator in the field of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR), which now forms the underlying basis of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) systems used in many hospitals. == Family == Robinson married Daphne Coulthard in 1952. They had one son, the author Andrew Robinson, and two daughters; Victoria Bowman (British diplomat and former Ambassador to Burma) and Dr Natasha Robinson (Consultant Anaesthetist). He died of a heart attack, aged 71, in Colmar, France. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Neville Robinson」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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